Panama Indigenous People

To date, indigenous people of Panama number aboutThe Bokota live mainly in eastern Bocas Del Toro and
five percent of the country's population and areshare a linguistic commonality with the Guayami. The
located in the most remote parts of the isthmus.Bokota live in a region so remote, that up until the
There are seven recognized tribes of indigenousmid-eighties hardly a road existed.
people in Panama. They are theThe Terribe is another small tribe. Their population
Nôbe-Buglé, Teribe, Kuna,was devastated by epidemics when tuberculosis
Embera-Wounaan, Guaymi, Talamanca, and theattacked villages between 1910 and 1930. But after
Bokata. They range from almost completelythe 1950s their population began to surge. A Seventh
assimilated to groups holding on to their traditionsDay Adventist mission was active with the tribe for
with dear life and white knuckles as the sands ofmany years, trying to get them to dump their religion.
time move them into a more West bound direction.To this point they have adopted the dominant
The Guyami and Nôbe-Buglé comprisemestizo culture and their knowledge of the natural
roughly one half of the indigenous population of thehistory of the are is waning. Things got so bad in the
country and reside mainly in Chiriqui Province. These1980´s that some began raiding the ancestral
two tribes speak Spanish but have strived toburial grounds for gold to sell.
preserve their traditional way of life. The Teribe areThe literacy rate is far lower for natives than it is for
fiercely proud of their language and will not even useany other ethnic group in Panama. Twenty years
Spanish words for non-native objects. The Kuna liveago, the illiteracy rate was at over 80 percent
on the Caribbean side on a comarca called San Blas.compared to almost 20 percent of the population at
They also reside in Western Panama and in thelarge. But there has been much improvement. Before
mountains of the Darien.the government got involved, their education was
The Embera occupied the south-eastern portion ofconducted through missionaries. There are hundreds
the Darien. Most were bilingual in Embera and Spanishof Indian schools now and their education is improving
and many have intermarried with Colombian blacks.rapidly. Their future, it appears, is now in their hands.